CAD

Topic: Cardiovascular Disease

 I. Introduction:

A. Introductory Sentence:

Cardiovascular disease pertains to the class of diseases involving the heart or blood vessels.

B. Thesis Statement:

Cardiovascular disease is one of largest causes of deaths; acknowledging this Americans need to be better educated on how to resist getting heart disease.

C. Intro Supporting Idea:

Cardiovascular disease is responsible for 40 percent of all the deaths in the United States, more than all forms of cancer combined. Cardiovascular disease is the number one worldwide killer of men and women, including in the United States.

  II. Body:

A.     First Supporting Idea: An understanding of Cardiovascular Disease.

i.                    Though cardiovascular disease refers to various types of heart or blood vessel tribulations, it’s frequently used to portray damage caused to your heart or blood vessels by atherosclerosis.

ii.                  This disease affects your arteries, blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from your heart to the rest of your body, as healthy arteries are known to be supple, sturdy, and resilient.iii.                 

B.     Second Supporting Idea: Coronary Artery Disease.

i.                    Common form of cardiovascular disease.

ii.                  Coronary Artery disease is centered around the diseases of the arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood.

iii.                Sometimes known as CAD, it is the leading cause of heart attacks.

iv.                Generally means the blood flowing through the coronary arteries has become obstructed.

C.     Third Supporting Idea: Causes/ Risk Factors of CAD.i.                    Smoking ii.                  High amounts of certain fats and cholesterol in the blood iii.                High blood pressure

iv.                High amounts of sugar in the blood due to insulin resistance or diabetes

v.                  Unhealthy blood cholesterol levels. This includes high LDL cholesterol (sometimes called bad cholesterol) and low HDL cholesterol (sometimes called good cholesterol). vi.                High blood pressure. Blood pressure is considered high if it stays at or above 140/90 mmHg over a period of time. vii.              Smoking. This can damage and tighten blood vessels, raise cholesterol levels, and raise blood pressure. Smoking also doesn't allow enough oxygen to reach the body's tissues. viii.            Insulin resistance. This condition occurs when the body can't use its own insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone that helps move blood sugar into cells where it's used. ix.                Diabetes. This is a disease in which the body's blood sugar level is high because the body doesn't make enough insulin or doesn't use its insulin properly. x.                  Overweight or obesity. Overweight is having extra body weight from muscle, bone, fat, and/or water. Obesity is having a high amount of extra body fat. xi.                Metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is the name for a group of risk factors linked to overweight and obesity that raise your chance for heart disease and other health problems, such as diabetes and stroke. xii.              Lack of physical activity. Lack of activity can worsen other risk factors for CAD. xiii.            Age. As you get older, your risk for CAD increases. Genetic or lifestyle factors cause plaque to build in your arteries as you age. By the time you're middle-aged or older, enough plaque has built up to cause signs or symptoms. o       In men, the risk for CAD increases after age 45. o       In women, the risk for CAD risk increases after age 55. xiv.            Family history of early heart disease. Your risk increases if your father or a brother was diagnosed with CAD before 55 years of age, or if your mother or a sister was diagnosed with CAD before 65 years of age.   

D.    Fourth supporting Idea: CAD Treatment.

i.                    Treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) may include lifestyle changes, medicines, and medical procedures. The treatment’s overall goals are to:

o       Relieve symptoms o       Reduce risk factors in an effort to slow, stop, or reverse the buildup of plaque o       Lower the risk of blood clots forming, which can cause a heart attack o       Widen or bypass clogged arteries

o       Prevent complications of CAD

ii.                  For some people, making lifestyle changes such as these are the only treatment needed to prevent or heal CAD.

o       Follow a heart healthy eating plan to prevent or reduce high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol and to maintain a healthy weight o       Increase your physical activity. Check with your doctor first to find out how much and what kinds of activity are safe for you. o       Lose weight, if you're overweight or obese. o       Quit smoking, if you smoke. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.

o       Learn to cope with and reduce stress.

iii.                Your doctor may recommend Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) if you have high cholesterol. It is a three-part program that includes a healthy diet, physical activity, and weight management.

iv.                 Foods that are high in soluble fiber are healthy for patients to help block the digestive track from absorbing cholesterol. There foods include:

o       Whole grain cereals such as oatmeal and oat bran o       Fruits such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears, and prunes o       Legumes such as kidney beans, lentils, chick peas, black-eyed peas, and lima beans                         

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Cad/CAD_Treatments.html

    

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cardiovascular-disease/HB00032

 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease

 

"Shankar, Ravi." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 22  Feb.  2008  <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067128>.

"Shankar, Ravi." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 22  Feb.  2008  <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067128>.